The history of wine making can be traced back to 6000 BC when wine making achieved recognition in countries such as Egypt, Rome, and Greece. The history of making wine actually started in the earlier years of the Bronze Age. Through the archaeological evidences that had been discovered, experts determined that the most ancient wine production took place in Georgia and Iran as early as 6000BC to 5000BC. More pieces of proof related to wine making has been collected in Macedonia or the Eastern part of Europe - where remains of crushed grapes where unearthed.

As time passed by in Egypt, wine played a significant role in the country's documented history. Wine has been considered as a relevant player in the ancient Egyptian ceremonies and rituals. And during the classical period of Greece and Rome, wine was frequently used in important ceremonials. When the Roman Empire gained the ruling authority, the advancement in the cultivation and production technique of wine occurred. Plantations and wine storage areas were established as wine shipments increased its number in entire Europe together with other neighbouring nations.

More Historical Facts on Wine Consumption and Production

There was a heightened usage of wine during the 15th century and until the present time. Wine consumption became huge and even larger than the distressing effect of phylloxera louse during 1870s. And later on, the impact of wine production gotten to the religious sectors such as the Christian Churches and Medieval Islamic because of the belief that wine is a forbidden drink. But, the distillation of wine intended for medicinal purposes was started by a Muslim chemist named Geber.

These days, wine making is seen as a comprehensive knowledge of scientific study and reflective understanding also known as oenology - a science of wine making. As the study gets more advanced, classical procedures in wine making slowly disintegrate.

The Two Types of Wine Making

For the record, the making of wine these days can be separated into two general categories: still wine production and sparkling wine production. Still wine production does not need carbonation compared to sparkling wine production, which involves the carbonation process. A classic illustration of sparkling wine production is champagne. As for the process of wine making, there are three common wine making techniques: pressing, pigeage, and cold and heat stabilization.

The Wine Making Processes

The harvested grapes are flattened and then fermented. The fermentation method usually takes around one week or two weeks. After the first fermentation, the grape juice is delivered in containers and at this point, grape sugars are changed into alcohol as it will become wine.

For the pressing process, wine is produced as juice and the grape skins are separated through grape mashing. What follows is vinification, during which grapes in the chai are poured into the oak barrels.

For the pigeage method, stomping of grapes is done in an open area or in fermentation tanks. Grapes are then crushed as carbon dioxide or alcohol gases are produced to form caps, which are considered to be the best source of tannin.

And finally, the cold and heat stabilization, that aims to reduce tartrate crystals which are likened to clear sands and grains, is done. In this method of wine making, unstable proteins are eliminated and then a second fermentation occurs. Afterwards, blending, fining, and other laboratory tests are done. And there you go, the most delicious wine you can ever savor.

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